The two educational programs that are minimizing school bankruptcy in Spain (and at the beginning of the refusal generated) | Instruction

In the cold roads of Reinosa they are worried about Donald Trump. As in the world, but more than the average. The population of southern cantabria lives largely from a large steel factory, that the neighbors continue to call the naval or simply “the factory”, although its name is now forged and jets. In this regard, on the Municipality and throughout the region, fear flies to the impact of the steel rates approved by the United States. The topic is spoken here everywhere, also in the Montesclaros Public Institute, a reference center in professional training studies related to the sector, implanted half a century ago. Children practice in the factory and many have worked there, like their parents and grandparents. They are in a certain way, says its director, “children of the factory”, who has about 700 employees, 900, if the division is added which maintains the previous name of Sidenor, which is equivalent to over 10% of the 8,570 inhabitants of Reinosa.

Of the 670 students of Montesclaros Institute, 200 study to one of its three levels. One of these, Eder, is an example of the change that is experiencing The basic degree, the first step of professional training. If it were the option in which the institutes sent to the children who were wrong so that they could end the ESO (which is still the main reason to reach their classes), to be a way in which the students themselves can also ask to be attributed because they prefer more practical teaching. To do this, they must meet some requirements, such as being 15 years old, Eder’s age. “There are theoretical lessons here, but we also go to the seminar. It is more fun than being in class all day,” he says. When the two courses last during the degree, the teenager hopes to do the average and upper processing. And then, he enters to work “in the naval de Reinosa”, like his father and brother. Waiting for the effects that the commercial war declared by the United States could have, its expectations are not very taken into consideration. The insertion of the work of FP graduates in Montesclaros is about 90%, says the head of the studies Antonio Díez, and one of the problems with which the teaching staff must face is that they often hire them before finishing the upper cycle. The relationship with the industrial fabric of the area is so close that sometimes they are the technicians of the factories that approach the modern seminars of the institute to repair the machinery.

The FP base degree initially generated the waste between the left. In the same way that the curricular diversification programs – which are aimed at children with learning difficulties and imply an adaptation of the content – have done so in the ranks of the law. Both educational ways They have become keys to reduce school failure in Spain “Especially among the boys, who are the ones who fail.

The country has reduced its abandonment rate of the first school (young people aged 18 to 24 who are much and are not studying) for the historical minimum of 13%, when in 2014 it was 22%and in 2004, 32%. And increased the percentage of the population to 80%in 20 and 24 years that ended, at least, post -Lummy secondary education (medium -level or FP baccalaureate) when in 2014 it reached only 66%and in 2004, 61%. In both cases, although improved, foreign students have worse data (in early educational abandonment, 29.5%). Cantabria has the lowest abandonment rate (5.5%) after the Basque country (5%). And the highest percentage of young people aged between 20 and 24 who have concluded at least the upper high school (90%, such as Euskadi).

Parallel to the reduction of school bankruptcy, FP basic students increased by 32% since its implementation in 2015, almost tripled what the number of students ESO has grown, until it is touched by 62,000 (even if only 56% manage to finish their studies). And in the first year of his replanting, 8% of third -party children studied in the curricular diversification program.

The basic FP initially generated doubts on the left because she is segregator. In part because, with the first design made by the PP, the finish did not lead to the obtaining of the ESO title, Alonso Gutiérrez, Head of the Cc Oo Teaching Federation CC Cabinet, recalls. Catalonia, for example, refused to implement it and its weight in the Catalan educational centers has so far been testimonial; Something that the Generalitat, chaired by the socialist Salvador Illa, has decided to change, folding, up to 2,000, the number of new sets of the next course.

The curricular diversification programs did not like the PP, which in the previous educational law reorganized them by putting them on the second and third of the ESO (instead of third and fourth, as they were until then). This has caused children to return to the ordinary Eso in the last year, so many have crashed and have not succeeded. After the approval of the Lomloe and the return to the original courses scheme, the percentage of students enrolled in these programs has increased quickly until they bend to that with the PP regulations. And four of the five autonomies in which greater weight from diversification was reached (Canar Islands, Extremadura, La Rioja and Andalusia; A La Quinta, Castilla-La Mancha, there are the socialists).

Almost everyone continues to study

Moisés Sánchez, 39, provides a class of diversification, on the field, the grouping of topics that characterize the linguistic program of the Az-Zait Public Institute of Jaén program. “The Main different with ordinary groups is That although all student Shoulds have personalized attention, with these studies it is neither more important, and that can only be acieved with small ratios. I have nine student disqui when in a standard class I would have 27 ″. More competence teaching, in which all the content are linked to real life, makes the effort, with everything, Greater Than in an ordinary class, heys.

The basic degree of FP continues to receive criticism from the segregator, although less and less. “As long as there is a teacher, a family or a student who thinks that the basic professional training is worse, we will be categories as when we thought that professional training as a whole was a second way about maturity and university”, says the former general secretary of the FP Clara Sanz. “The basic students acquire the same self -production skills and, moreover, they get a first degree in professionalization. And it is not for bad students, but for those who do not want such an academic way, but prefer to learn doing.”