S. Cervical cancerAnd he also called Cervical cancerIt is caused by infection before Humano HP virus (HPV). It is transmitted through unprotected sex, the disease can be avoided through vaccination, and therefore, awareness is essential. Looking at this, Wednesday (26) is recognized in the world of cervical cancer.
Most of the time, virus infection HPV virus It does not cause symptoms. However, in some cases, cells are subject to changes that may develop to cancer over the years.
“Cervical cancer is 98 % of the time associated with HPV,” says Márcia Datz Abadi, Oncology and Medical Director at MSD Brasil. CNN. “The HPV contains a number of serous patterns, more than 200, but there are about 14 of them with genes, that is, that cause cancer. This virus is inherent, located inside the cells of the cervical mucosa, and within the DNA of this virus, mutations that can lead to cancer can occur,” he explains.
Mutations in the affected cells can occur throughout the life of the HPV throughout life. This means that the person who contracted with the virus may take years to discover injuries before concrete or even cancer.
According to the National Cancer Institute (INCA), it is estimated that every year of Triennium 2023-2025, more than 17 thousand new cases Cervical cancer It is registered in Brazil. Risk factors include sex without condom, smoking and prolonged use of birth control pills.
How can the HPV and cancer lesions be detected?
Early detection of cervical cancer is very important to increase the opportunity to treat and recover. This can be done through clinical, laboratory and radiological tests. Preventive examination – that is, who was made in people who do not have symptoms that suggest the disease PapIt is able to discover lesions before concrete and make an early diagnosis.
The exam can be taken in public health publications or units, and its periodic performance allows to reduce the occurrence and death of the disease.
In addition to Papanicolau, vaginal endoscopy allows the perception of the vagina and the cervix with a device called Colposcope, capable of detecting abnormal pests in this area. The abnormal cells that these tests discovered are analyzed in a biopsy, confirming the diagnosis of cancer.
Despite the importance of early diagnosis, more than 36 million women did at least one preventive examination within three years. Data is a survey by UMANE association with Impsogov information, taking into account the data from SISAB (the health information system for primary care), from the Ministry of Health.
UMANE’s public health observatory data also shows that in 2023, 21 % of women who live in Brazil’s capitals did not distort PAP, based on Vigitel numbers. Women with a lower level of education, up to 8 years of study, were the most fearful, with 85.7 % of the exam, compared to 14.3 % of this path that has never done PAP staining.
Among the women with 9 to 11 years of study, 30.2 % did not occur to the exam. Of those 12 years or more of the study, 15.4 % had not searched if they had cervical cancer.
How is the prevention?
The main way to prevent cancer is HPV vaccination. The vaccine is distributed for free by the unified health system (SUS) and referred to:
- Girls and boys from 9 to 14 years old;
- Women and men with HIV, cultivated from solid organs, bone marrow or cancer patients in the age group from 9 to 45 years old;
- Victims of sexual assault and immune efficiency, from 15 to 45 years (men and women) who have not received a human papilloma vaccine or have an incomplete scheme;
- HIV users before exposure (Prep), from 15 to 45 years, who have not received a human papilloma vaccine or have an incomplete scheme (according to age or recommended special status);
- Patients with frequent papillotherapy/PRR are two years old.
“Cervical cancer is killed, today 19 women every day in Brazil. This is a very strong number that we need to change,” Abadi says. “Among the women who have not been vaccinated yet, 57 % of them answered that it was due to lack of knowledge. So we need to continue to hit this key (about the importance of vaccination).”
The data cited by the oncology doctor is the research conducted by the IPSOS Institute’s request from MSD Brasil. The study, made of 500 people throughout the country, showed that the vaccination campaign was martyred as a major representative that led to the commitment to the HPV vaccine by 65 % of the vaccine.
HPV: More than 36 million women do not take place a preventive examination, the study says
