A study of the Skin Cancer Group at the National Oncology Center (CNIO) has discovered a mechanism of melantery and other tumors … Tadanism prevented the immune system from identifying it and attacking, as expected. This new investigation, led by microbiologist Marisol Sotangas, helps understand the reason for the spread of skin cancer to other organs, which leads to a malignant tumor, and often develops resistance to traditional immunotherapy.
He explains that the leather melanoma is “the most aggressive form of skin cancer, and it is characterized by the assembly of a large number of mutations”, and also shows that CNIOQue Note announces the spread of study in “Nature Cancer”, which is the first Kazavier Katina mark, from the University of Lund (Sweden). Although part of these adjustments should be recognized as a threat to our defenses, “melanom tumors often escape from monitoring the immune system.” This is why “more than half of patients do not respond to current immune treatments.” Therefore, “Understanding and avoiding this phenomenon is today one of the greatest challenges in oncology.”
After conducting studies in cells and mice and more than 150 databases for patients, the equipment that has just published the work was discovered that skin cancer cells “secrete a protein, called Midkine, which reduces the amount of a type of cells specialized in oncology recognition, censor cells.” In addition, this protein reproduces stem cells to change their function, so that the tumor is preferred.
“In this work, we find that Midkine works as a shield and a speed at the same time: it is forbidden to identify and eliminate cancer cells, and it is also actively easy to act that the malignant cells are advancing and spreading,” explains Soangas.
Stem cells usually act as “forces in defense patrols”, and they define strange particles in pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, as well as in tumors. Then they provide this information to other defensive cells, toxic T cells of the cells, eliminating malignant cells. This study now shows that in melanin tumors, Midkine reduces the amount of censor cells and changes its operation.
The researcher concludes that “the most relevant work is that we understood how, through Medicine, not only leaving skin cancer or leaving the cold immune system, but also raises it in its favor, and contributes effectively to its spread.” “It does so from a very early stage, as well as the size of the entire organism. This complicates the development of new treatments. ”
Impact on treatments
Once you discover how Midkine prevents the immune system, the research was directed to analyze the effect on treatments. Thus, the CNIO group in animal models has proven that by preventing Midkine’s work, the effectiveness of vaccines aimed at stem cells is improved. “In addition, the prevention of Midkine from acting, also facilitates therapeutic work of one of the most usual immunotherapy, immune control point inhibitors in it.
CNIO researchers also analyzed “large patient groups data, and found a genetic company associated with the field in the stem cells that are associated with worse sudden.” In addition, this discovery is not only associated with skin cancer, as similar effects are observed in lung and breast cancer, uterine lining, adrenal gland and rear tumor, among other things. “Our results indicate that the Midkine protein can reactivate stem cells and improve treatments against different aggressive tumors,” Soangas added.
These results add new information to the previous studies of the Melanoma CNIO group, which already showed that Midkine can prefer skin cancer metastasis and change the function of other components of the immune system.
